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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK
Ning YANG
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 25-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020363
卞有生,金冬霞
《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第3期 页码 53-57
规模化畜禽养殖场污染防治是当前我国农业环境污染整治的重点，也是解决农业面源污染的关键。在深入调查研究的基础上，结合国内外成功的经验，研究并提出农村规模化畜禽养殖场污染的防治技术，包括养殖场固体粪污处理及资源化利用技术，养殖场污水处理及综合利用技术和畜禽养殖场的除臭技术。对常用技术如厌氧—好氧联合处理，生态工程处理技术均做了介绍和评价。
EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.
• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.
• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.
• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.
• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.
Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.
Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.
Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROP-LIVESTOCK FARMS IN AFRICA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
Crop-livestock farms across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconomic factors, the latter shaping the demand and supply of livestock products. Crop-livestock farms in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from most mixed farms elsewhere in the world. African crop-livestock farms are smaller in size, have fewer livestock, lower productivity and less dependency on imported feed than farms in most countries of Europe, the Americas and the intensive agricultural systems of Asia. This paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farms have in the broader socio-agricultural economy, and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food systems. This intensification implies increasing land productivity (more food per hectare), often leading to more livestock heads per farm, producing fertilized feeds in croplands and importing feed supplements from the market. This discussion includes (1) the links between crop yields, soil fertility and crop-livestock integration, (2) the increasing demand for livestock products and the land resources required to meet to this demand, and (3) the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the development of crop-livestock farms. There is ample room for development of crop-livestock farms in Africa, and keeping integration as part of the development will help prevent many of the mistakes and environmental problems related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the world. This development can integrate biodiversity, climate change adaptation and mitigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food security. The inclusion of broader goals could help farmers access the level of finance required to implement changes.
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期 页码 424-436 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023506
● Integration of alkaline pretreatment and air mixing for co-digestion was validated.
关键词： sodium hydroxide air injection cumulative methane yield kinetic modeling analysis digestate
Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期 页码 11-24 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016092
关键词： avian influenza virus H9N2 H5N1 novel viruses public health
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• Degree of integration of crop and livestock was insufficient on mixed smallholdings.
• Liquid manure discharges on industrial farms hamper the closing of nutrient loops.
• Coupling with local crop farms is encouraged to achieve integration of crop-livestock systems.
The proportion of industrial livestock in China has increased over the past 30 years, which increases animal performance but causes the decoupling of crop and livestock production. Here, we aimed to quantify nutrient flows, nutrient use efficiency, and nutrient losses in different livestock systems in the North China Plain based on the NUFER-farm model. Activity data were collected by face-to-face surveys on pig and dairy (41 livestock farms) during 2016–2018. The two systems included industrial farms and mixed smallholdings. In mixed smallholdings, 4.0% and 9.6% of pig and dairy feed dry matter (DM) were derived from household farmland, but 4.8% and 9.3% of manure DM recycled to household farmland. Nutrient use efficiency in industrial farms was higher than in mixed smallholdings at animal level, herd level, and system level. To produce 1 kg N and P in animal products, nutrient losses in industrial pig farms (2.0 kg N and 1.3 kg P) were lower than in mixed pig smallholdings, nutrient losses in industrial dairy farms (2.7 kg N and 2.2 kg P) were slightly higher than in mixed dairy smallholdings. Liquid manure discharge in industrial farms was the main losses pathway in contrast to mixed smallholdings. This study suggests that feed localization can reduce nutrient surpluses at the district level. It is necessary to improve manure management and increase the degree of integrated crop-livestock in smallholdings. In industrial farms, it is desirable to increase the liquid manure recycling ratio through cooperating livestock and crop production at the district level.
Yifei MA, Ling ZHANG, Zhaohai BAI, Rongfeng JIANG, Yong HOU, Lin MA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 58-71 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020371
关键词： industrial farms mixed smallholdings pig dairy nutrient management
LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期 页码 341-362 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023509
● Carbon reduction potential of manure treatment technologies was summarized.
关键词： valorization of animal manure manure management carbon emission carbon footprint methodology carbon trading
HARNESSING BIODIVERSITY FOR HEALTHY DAIRY FARMS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期 页码 238-244 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022445
Producing sufficient high-quality forage to meet the increasing domestic demand for safe and nutritious milk products is one of the critical challenges that Chinese dairy farms are facing. The increased forage biomass production, mainly contributed by agrochemicals inputs in China, is accompanied by tremendous impacts on the ecology of dairy farms and soil quality. This paper presents a framework for healthy dairy farms in which targeted management practices are applied for quality milk products with minimal adverse environmental impacts. The paper also summarizes biodiversity management practices at the field and landscape scales toward lessening inputs of water, fertilizers, pesticides and mitigating soil compaction. Dairy farming with biodiversity-driven technologies and solutions will be more productive in producing quality milk and minimizing environmental damage.
关键词： biodiversity / dairy farm / one health concept / soil health
Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第2期 页码 181-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019252
In recent decades, dairy farms have been exposed to wide variation in profit levels due to a considerable variability of milk price, and energy and feed costs. Consequently, it is necessary for the dairy industry to improve efficiency and productivity by adopting innovative technologies. The automated in-parlour milk analysis and separation is mainly useful to produce low or high quality milk and to monitor the animal health status. Milk with high levels of protein and fat contents may reduce the intensity of standardization during cheesemaking process, reducing production costs. The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of real-time milk separation during milking and the performance of the milking machine after implementation of AfiMilk MCS. In addition, the economic aspects were assessed. The separation of milk required the existing milking parlors to be equipped with an additional milkline to allow channeling milk with low and high coagulation properties into two different cooling tanks. The results showed that the high coagulation milk fraction, compared to the bulk milk, increased in fat (from 18% to 43%) and protein (from 3% to 7%) concentration. The technology tested has given promising results showing reliability and efficiency in milk separation in real time with affordable implementation costs.
关键词： cheese yield infrared analysis milk quality real-time measurement sensor
EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA
Solomon Tulu TADESSE, Oene OENEMA, Christy van BEEK, Fikre Lemessa OCHO
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 159-174 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020375
关键词： compost food self-sufficiency livestock production nitrogen balance nitrogen use efficiency scenario analysis
Yang WANG, Baoming LI
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 478-489 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019289
The degree-day method is widely used to determine energy consumption but cannot be directly applied to poultry buildings without improvements in its accuracy. This study was designed to optimize the degree-day calculation and proposes a solar-air degree-day method, which can be used to calculate the cooling and heating degree-days and the annual cooling and heating loads under different climate conditions for poultry buildings. In this paper, the solar-air degree-day method was proposed, which considers the effects of solar radiation with different wall orientations and surface colors. Five Chinese cities, Harbin, Beijing, Chongqing, Kunming and Guangzhou, were selected to represent different climate zones to determine the solar-air degree-days. The heating and cooling energy requirements for different climates were compared by DeST (Designer’s Simulation Toolkit) simulation and the solar-air degree-day method. Approaches to decrease energy consumption were developed. The results showed that the maximum relative error was less than 10%, and the new method was not significantly different from the DeST simulation ( >0.05). The accuracy of calculating energy requirements was improved by the solar-air degree-day method in the different climate zones. Orientation and surface color effects on energy consumption need to be considered, and external walls of different orientations should have different surface colors.
关键词： base temperature energy consumption solar radiation orientation surface color
Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment
Kajetan Kalus, Sebastian Opaliński, Devin Maurer, Somchai Rice, Jacek A. Koziel, Mariusz Korczyński, Zbigniew Dobrzański, Roman Kołacz, Beata Gutarowska
《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0928-4
关键词： Odour mitigation Poultry manure additive GC-MS-Olfactometry Volatile organic compounds
Effect of biochar amendment on soil’s retention capacity for estrogenic hormones from poultry manure
Sukhjot MANN, Zhiming QI, Shiv O. PRASHER, Lanhai LI, Dongwei GUI, Qianjing JIANG
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期 页码 208-219 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017138
关键词： adsorption degradation dissolved organic carbon 17β-estradiol (E2) estrone (E1)
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
ALKALINE PRETREATMENT AND AIR MIXING FOR IMPROVEMENT OF METHANE PRODUCTION FROM ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION OF POULTRY
期刊论文
Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry
Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU
期刊论文
NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND LOSSES OF INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND MIXED SMALLHOLDINGS: LESSONS FROM THE NORTH
期刊论文
NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND LOSSES OF INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND MIXED SMALLHOLDINGS: LESSONS FROM THE NORTH
Yifei MA, Ling ZHANG, Zhaohai BAI, Rongfeng JIANG, Yong HOU, Lin MA
期刊论文
Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms
Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA
期刊论文
EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA
Solomon Tulu TADESSE, Oene OENEMA, Christy van BEEK, Fikre Lemessa OCHO
期刊论文
An optimized solar-air degree-day method to evaluate energy demand for poultry buildings in different
Yang WANG, Baoming LI
期刊论文
Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment
Kajetan Kalus, Sebastian Opaliński, Devin Maurer, Somchai Rice, Jacek A. Koziel, Mariusz Korczyński, Zbigniew Dobrzański, Roman Kołacz, Beata Gutarowska
期刊论文
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